Mr. Elton returned, a very happy man. He had gone away rejected and mortified – disappointed in a very sanguine hope, after a series of what appeared to him strong encouragement; and not only losing the right lady, but finding himself debased to the level of a very wrong one. He had gone away deeply offended – he came back engaged to another – and to another as superior, of course, to the first, as under such circumstances what is gained always is to what is lost. He came back gay and self-satisfied, eager and busy, caring nothing for Miss Woodhouse, and defying Miss Smith.
– Jane Austen
Emma, Chapter 22. After Emma turns down Mr. Elton’s marriage proposal and he leaves Highbury offended, he regains his composure on returning to the village with the new Mrs. Elton – Augusta Hawkins! While Mr. Elton was upset by Emma’s refusal, he was more offended by Emma’s suggestion that he should be happy to marry Harriet Smith, someone below his class. So the pompous vicar used his brief absence from Highbury to show Emma and the villagers that he could find a wife from a more suitable social class and didn’t need to settle for Harriet. Mr. Elton’s belief that his new wife is “superior” to Emma is of course not correct. While Mrs. Elton is wealthy, she comes from new money. So she doesn’t share the same pedigree or social standing as Emma, who is from old money and belongs to a respected and established gentry family in Highbury.